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高二生的英语复习

来源:学大教育     时间:2013-05-27 17:52:48


一、语法

每当提到语法这个词的时候总是有学生一脸黯然的跟我说“老师我已经放弃语法了,怎么都学不会。”我想就语法学习而言,大家一直存在着一个误区,就是 “一遍成神”,学过就会,这在语法学习上是行不通的。我在我不同年级的班上进行过这样一个练习,从第八讲开始,在完成教学任务的前提下,每一讲复习一块前面讲过的语法知识,然后把讲义上的语法题印发下去学生重新答题并上交,大家很沮丧的发现还是有错的,而且属于一错再错,但是我要恭喜大家,为什么这么说呢?因为你的盲点已经出现了,解决掉它,你的拦路虎就少了一只,这个过程也就是查漏补缺的过程,而且很有效果,建议大家在这个阶段可以尝试把之前做过的相应模块的题拿出来重新做一下,看看自己是有哪些思路上有所欠缺。

从体系上来说,时态、情态动词、倒装和虚拟、冠词、it,不定代词、非谓语动词等都是本次语法复习的重点和难点。

时态语态是历来被称为杀人不见血,因为大家实在是对这几个字太过熟悉了,但是又难免会犯错。大家在时态部分要始终记得和情景交际联合起来思考。

1.时态:

A.一过的考察情景:Oh, I didn't know you played so well.(过去不知道)

B.过完的考察情景:过完表示过去的过去,即两个动作有先后关系,并且都从属于过去时

When she came to ,she didn't know what had happened.

He asked me where I had been during the summer holidays.

C.过完进的考察情景:在过完基础上,增加有“一直、持续”的意味,大家一定注意语义。

The boy was delighted with his new story book which he had been wanting for a long time.

The crazy fans had been waiting anxiously at Hong Kong Airport till their star Ella arrived.

2.语态方面

有些词无被动形式大家需要注意,如turn out to be, prove to be, occur,主动表被动形式等等。

His words proved/turned out to be true.

3.情态动词

情态动词似乎也是老生常谈的一个话题,但还是希望引起大家的足够重视。从考察范围来看,情态动词由前几年考察比较多的单个词的用法,逐渐过渡到一类用法的应用。

1)情态动词表示推测的情况:+be doing 表示对现有情况的推测

+have done 表示对过去/已有情况的推测

----Have you seen Louisa? She's got sunburnt.

----She must have spent too much time outside in the sun.

His father must have been a handsome boy twenty years ago.

2)should have done 该做而没做

shouldn't have done 不该做却做了

3)shall用在一三人称表示请求和建议

用在二三人称表示允诺和警告

You shall get your book by Friday.

4.倒装和虚拟

倒装需要大家辨别出现在句首的词,副词、介短、否定词都需要引起重视,另外注意倒装和强调句型的联合应用:

It was not until 12 o'clock did he come back.

It was 12 o'clock that he came back.(强调句型中that之后是陈述语序)

虚拟语气大家需要时刻辨别“动作是什么时候进行的”另外如果大家觉得虚拟的表不是特好背,可以直接背拟三句:

If I were you, I would go with her.

Had I followed your advice, I wouldn't have made such mistakes.

If I were to have/had/should have time. I would go with her.

5.it用法

it 考察比较多的集中在形式主语、形式宾语、强调句型当中

1)形式主语:用在句首,后面有真正主语表示确切含义。

It felt funny watching myself on TV.

2)形式宾语:动词后,有动词不定式或从句表示确切含义。

I don't think it possible to master a foreign language without memory work.

3)强调句型:判断原则有两方面:

把It is/was that 结构删掉之后,原来的成分能组成完整的句子(因为强调句型本身就是嵌入式结构)

在that之后的句子用陈述语序。

6.不定代词

that 代指上文的一类情况The weather in Beijing is cooler than that in Jiangsu.

anything but. He is anything but hard working

if anything .-----Is he a hard working student?

-----No, he is a lazy one, if anything.

something of I felt something of tired.

7.非谓语动词

在非谓语中大家关注两个方面:非谓和主语的关系-ving/ved

非谓语和句中动词的关系-一般式/完成式

其中完成被动式是大家尤其要注意的地方。

Four of my friends, travelling from London to Beijing, paid a visit to my school last week.

Supported by his school. Mark set up a nes sound lab for his students to practice English.

二、词汇

首当其冲的是模块词汇,包括各个词的搭配用法和特殊句型句式。

词汇总复习的表格在第十四讲会有大范围的总结,大家可以先利用这两周时间对之前的模块词汇进行复习和巩固记忆。另外建议大家把讲义第九讲之后出现的阅读词汇作以归纳整理,方便记忆。

下面仅以短语为例,大家可以用来简单检验一下掌握的情况。

take one's time 不急不忙,从容进行

keep in touch 保持联系

keep track 通晓事态,注意动向

lose track 失去联系

make use of 利用

put to use 使用,利用

give way 让路,让步

ead the way 带路,引路

make one's way 前进,进行

make way 让路,开路

keep one's word 遵守诺言

act on 作用

appeal to 呼吁,要求

attempt at 企图,努力

attitude to/towards 态度,看法

a great/good deal of 大量(的),许多(的)

influence on 影响

interference in 干涉

interference with 妨碍,打扰

introduce to 介绍

a lot (of) 许多(的),大量(的)

lots of 大量,很多

fall in love with 相爱,爱上

a matter of (关于……)的问题

a number of 若干,许多

reply to 回答,答复

a series of 一系列,一连串

no doubt 无疑,必定

as a matter of fact 实际情况,真相

a few 有些,几个

quite a few 还不少,有相当数目的

a little 一点,稍微,一些,少许

little by little 逐渐地

quite a little 相当多,不少

no matter 无论

the moment (that) 一……就

no more

fair play 公平竞赛;

in demand 有需要

rest room 厕所,盥洗室

heart and soul 全心全意

step by step 逐步

ahead of time 提前

all the time 一直,始终

once upon a time 从前

once in a while 偶尔,有时

no wonder 难怪,怪不得

word for word 逐字地

decline with thanks 婉言谢绝

account for 说明(原因等)

aim at 瞄准,针对

allow for 考虑到

appeal to 呼吁,要求

arrive at 达成,得出

ask after 询问,问候

ask for 请求,要求

attach to 附属于,隶属于

begin with 从开始

break into 闯入

break off 断绝,结束

break through 突破

break up 中止,结束;打碎,折断

bring about 带来,造成

bring down 打倒,挫伤;降低

bring forth 产生,提上

bring forward 提出

bring out 使出现;公布;出版

bring up 教育,培养,使成长

build up 积累;堵塞;树立,建立;增进;锻炼

call for 邀请;要求;需求

call forth 唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起

call off 放弃,取消

catch at 抓住(东西)

call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,呼吁

call up 召集,动员;打电话

care for 照管,关心;喜欢,意欲

carry off 夺去

carry on 继续下去;从事,经营

carry out 贯彻,执行;实现

come to 总计,达到;苏醒,复原

count on 依靠;期待,指望

count up 把……相加

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